Energy

Energy is a scalar physical quantity that represents the capacity to perform work or produce change in a system. It can exist in various forms, including kinetic energy (the energy of motion), potential energy (stored energy due to position), thermal energy (related to temperature and heat), chemical energy (stored within chemical bonds), and nuclear energy (released during nuclear reactions), among others. Energy is conserved in isolated systems, meaning that it cannot be created or destroyed but can only change from one form to another. The measurement unit for energy in the International System of Units (SI) is the joule (J). In addition to its physical aspects, energy plays a crucial role in disciplines like chemistry, biology, and environmental science, influencing processes such as metabolism, ecological interactions, and climate dynamics.